In this book, Wael Hallaq explores the possibility of constructing a model of state and governance that derives its legitimacy from the Quran and Sharia, while being capable of confronting the challenges of the modern era. Hallaq criticizes modern nation-state models imposed on the Islamic world and proposes foundations for a "new Islamic constitutionalism" based on ethical and political principles derived from the Islamic heritage. The book offers a bold and controversial vision for the future of governance in Islam. This work is an important intellectual contribution to the field of contemporary Islamic political philosophy.